Soroban and the Right Brain
Recent studies have shown that the abacus method of mental calculation is effective in the development of the right brain. At first, this idea was only a hypothesis, but the recent development of high-tech machinery has helped provide tangible research data. In this section, we will present information provided by researchers who study the effects of abacus training.
Evaluation of Memory in Abacus Learners
Abacus is a method used by Chinese, Japanese and Koreans to improve mathematical skills. This system has now invaded our country. The improvement in mathematical skills is said to be due to a coordinated functioning of both right and left hemisphere. As learning and memory in any field is achieved by coordinating and analyzing the different sensory inputs, whether an abacus trainee would also improve the short-term memory as a whole was evaluated in our study. 50 children of average IQ between 5 and 12 years from 2 regular schools and 50 from an abacus institute were evaluated for short-term memory before and after a period of one and two years. The memory tests were taken from Wechsler memory scale, Mini mental state examination, Mann - Buitar visual memory screen for objects. The results showed that the abacus learners at the end of one and two years had a better visual and auditory memory when compared to non-abacus learners.
Mental Math: Imaginary Abacus Calculates Strings of Numbers in Seconds
A boy uses an abacus to calculate at an abacus school just north of Tokyo. An ancient form of Japanese mathematics called anzan uses an imaginary abacus to compute complex series of numbers.
Taiwan Headlines: Kaohsiung Siblings Break Math World Records
A brother and his two sisters from Kaohsiung City shattered four Guinness World Records for arithmetic calculation Saturday, under the extemporaneous testing of Kaohsiung Mayor Frank Hsieh and other officials.
APA Press Release: New Research Spotlights what Goes Right and Wrong in Doing Math: Two Studies Look at How Education in Different Cultures may Influence Higher-Math Skills and How Math Anxiety Inhibits Performance
Findings suggest that calculator use is associated with lower skill at higher math and that in math anxiety, the worry itself hurts performance that might be otherwise normal.
Mathematical Education: A Comparison between Japan and America
The mathematical education provided in the United States has proved to be inferior compared to that of other countries. Specifically the Japanese and other Asian educational systems produce more educated mathematics students than the United States. American children tend to score lower on standardized testing than Asian students do. Many studies have been done by research groups such as the National Center for Education Statistics of the U.S. Department of Education and the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement showing the differences in teaching methods between the United States and Japan. The teaching styles and the cultural differences can account for the gap in performance.

A collection of useful links:

Tamoe Soroban: Other Useful Information about Soroban
The Abacus: The Art of Calculating with Beads
Mystery of the Bead: An Abacus Manual

The Japanese Soroban Tutorial

Collection of all kinds of abaci with wonderful pictures and descriptions.

Different abacus types with concise descriptions.

An association promoting the use of the soroban in Japan. 

What's the deal with the abacus? Why do so many Chinese people still use them, and how do you do calculations?

Abacus International Math Challenge

Kids Rank with Adults at Japan Abacus Championship

Abacus Information for Visually Impaired Students
http://www.syuzan.net/english/brain/brain.htmlhttp://209.85.165.104/search?q=cache:5VHcb7KbhlgJ:www.ijpp.com/vol50_3/225-233.pdf+evaluation+of+memory+in+abacus+learner&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us&client=safarihttp://www.supermath.com/abcnews.htmhttp://www.supermath.com/abcnews.htmhttp://http://stepanov.lk.net/mnemo/taiwane.htmlhttp://http://stepanov.lk.net/mnemo/taiwane.htmlhttp://www.apa.org/releases/math.htmlhttp://www.apa.org/releases/math.htmlhttp://www.apa.org/releases/math.htmlhttp://www.apa.org/releases/math.htmlhttp://www.apa.org/releases/math.htmlhttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/udaepp/090/w2/Curry.htmhttp://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/udaepp/090/w2/Curry.htmhttp://soroban.com/index_eng.htmlhttp://soroban.com/index_eng.htmlhttp://www.ee.ryerson.ca:8080/~elf/abacus/http://webhome.idirect.com/~totton/abacus/http://www.soroban.com/howto_eng.htmlhttp://www.joernluetjens.de/sammlungen/abakus/abakus-en.htmhttp://www.joernluetjens.de/sammlungen/abakus/abakus-en.htmhttp://www.soroban.com/museum/index_eng.htmlhttp://www.syuzan.net/english/index.htmlhttp://www.syuzan.net/english/index.htmlhttp://www.beijingscene.com/V05I008/ayi/ayi.htmhttp://www.beijingscene.com/V05I008/ayi/ayi.htmhttp://www.beijingscene.com/V05I008/ayi/ayi.htmhttp://www.gcschool.org/pages/program/Abacus.htmlhttp://web-japan.org/kidsweb/archives/news/00-10/abacus.htmlhttp://www.tsbvi.edu/math/abacus-packet.htmshapeimage_2_link_0shapeimage_2_link_1shapeimage_2_link_2shapeimage_2_link_3shapeimage_2_link_4shapeimage_2_link_5shapeimage_2_link_6shapeimage_2_link_7shapeimage_2_link_8shapeimage_2_link_9shapeimage_2_link_10shapeimage_2_link_11shapeimage_2_link_12shapeimage_2_link_13shapeimage_2_link_14shapeimage_2_link_15shapeimage_2_link_16shapeimage_2_link_17shapeimage_2_link_18shapeimage_2_link_19shapeimage_2_link_20shapeimage_2_link_21shapeimage_2_link_22shapeimage_2_link_23shapeimage_2_link_24shapeimage_2_link_25shapeimage_2_link_26shapeimage_2_link_27shapeimage_2_link_28

Interesting Facts

Do you know: 




"Using a calculator might restrict

the level of expertise achieved

with respect to short-term

memory skills for complex

arithmetic."  Complex arithmetic

places special demands on

short-term memory skills that

simple arithmetic usually does

not, because complex arithmetic

involves operations such as

carrying, borrowing and

place keeping. "This is

demanding mental juggling for

most people's short-term

working memory processes.


Math anxiety worsens

performance in two ways: First, it

leads to avoidance, which leads

to lower competence; second, it

temporarily inhibits working

memory capacity, possibly by

failure to inhibit attention to

intrusive thoughts.

 
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